Since the discovery of gravity, force, and centripetal force, people have figured out how to orbit things from bullets to rockets. Whether they could apply enough force is the difference. Places like JPL create modules to create enough force and the velocity to counteract the radially inward force creating an orbit. Gravity has such a huge effect on satellites and rockets that it requires a lot of force to even get up to orbiting speed. What causes the orbit is gravity pulling the rocket inward while the rocket pushes it forward. This causes a circular path around the earth. If you get to a high enough orbit, the satellite can move at the same rate as the earth spins causing a stationary orbit. To get out of orbit it needs to get to orbiting speed of 7.5 km/s and it needs to overcome the force making its vector greater than the circle.
Thanks for reading, Mark.
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